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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الثَّقَفِيُّ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ
الإِمَامُ، المُحَدِّث، الفَقِيْه، العَلاَّمَة، الزَّاهِد، العَابِدُ، شَيْخُ خُرَاسَانَ، أَبُو
عَلِيٍّ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ بنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بنِ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ، الثَّقَفِيُّ النَّيْسَابُوْرِيُّ الشَّافِعِيُّ الوَاعِظُ، مِنْ وَلَد الحَّجَاج.مَوْلِدُهُ بقُهُسْتَان فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَأَرْبَعِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ.
سَمِعَ مِنْ: مُحَمَّدِ بنِ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ الفَرَّاء، وَمُوْسَى بن نَصْرٍ الرَّازِيِّ، وَأَحْمَدَ بنِ ملَاعِب الحَافِظ، وَمُحَمَّد بن الجَهْمِ السِّمَّرِيِّ، وَطَبَقَتِهِم.
سَمِعَ فِي كبره.
حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّبْغِيُّ، وَأَبُو الوَلِيْدِ الفَقِيْه، وَأَبُو عَلِيٍّ النَّيْسَابُوْرِيّ، وَأَبُو أَحْمَدَ الحَاكِمُ، وَآخَرُوْنَ.
قَالَ الحَاكِمُ: شَهِدْتُ جِنَازَتَه، فَلا أَذكر أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ بنَيْسَابُوْرَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الجَمْعِ، وَحَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ وَعْظه، وَأَنَا صَغِيْرٌ، فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُوْلُ فِي دعَائِه: إِنَّك أَنْتَ الوَهَّاب الوَهَّاب الوَهَّاب.
قَالَ شَيْخنَا الصِّبْغِيُّ: شمَائِل الصَّحَابَةِ وَالتَّابِعِيْنَ، أَخَذَهَا مَالِك الإِمَامُ عَنْهُم، وَأَخذهَا عَنْ مَالِكٍ يَحْيَى بنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيْمِيُّ، وَأَخذهَا عَنْ يَحْيَى مُحَمَّدُ بنُ نَصْرٍ المَرْوَزِيُّ، وَأَخذهَا عَنِ ابْنِ نَصْر أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الثَّقَفِيُّ.
قَالَ الحَاكِمُ: وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا الوَلِيْدِ الفَقِيْه، يَقُوْلُ:
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى ابْنِ سُرَيْج بِبَغْدَادَ، فَسَأَلنِي: عَلَى مَنْ درستَ فِقْه الشَّافِعِيّ بِخُرَاسَانَ؟ قُلْتُ:
عَلَى أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الثَّقَفِيّ.قَالَ: لَعَلَّك تعنِي: الحَجاجِيّ الأَزْرَق؟
قُلْتُ: بَلَى.
قَالَ: مَا جَاءنَا مِنْ خُرَاسَان أَفقه مِنْهُ.
وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا العَبَّاسِ الزَّاهِد، يَقُوْلُ: كَانَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ فِي عَصْره حُجَّةَ اللهِ عَلَى خَلْ?هـ.
وَسَمِعْتُ الصِّبغِيّ، يَقُوْلُ: مَا عَرَفْنَا الجَدَلَ وَالنَّظَر حَتَّى وَرَدَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الثَّقَفِيُّ مِنَ العِرَاقِ.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ: لقِي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الثَّقَفِيّ أَبَا حَفْص النَّيْسَابُوْرِيَّ، وَحمدُوْنَ القَصَّار، وَكَانَ إِمَاماً فِي أَكْثَر عُلُوْم الشَّرع، مقدَّماً فِي كُلِّ فنٍّ مِنْهُ.
عطَّل أَكْثَر عُلُوْمه، وَاشتغَل بعِلْم الصُّوْفِيَّة، وَقَعَدَ، وَتكلَّم عَلَيْهِم أَحسنَ كَلامٍ فِي عُيُوب النَّفْس، وَآفَاتِ الأَفْعَال.
وَمَعَ علمه وَكَمَاله خَالفَ الإِمَام ابْنَ خُزَيْمَةَ فِي مَسَائِل التَّوفيق وَالخذلاَن، وَمسأَلَةِ الإِيْمَان، وَمسأَلة اللَّفْظِ، فَأُلزم البَيْت، وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْهُ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ وَأصَابه فِي ذَلِكَ مِحَنٌ.
وَمِنْ قَوْله: يَا مَنْ بَاعَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ بِلاَ شَيْء، وَاشْتَرَى لاَ شَيْءَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ.
وَقَالَ: أُفٍّ مِنْ أَشغَال الدُّنْيَا إِذَا أَقْبَلَتْ، وَأَفٍّ مِنْ حَسَرَاتهَا إِذَا أَدْبَرَتْ، العَاقل لاَ يَرْكَن إِلَى شَيْءٍ إِنْ أَقبل كَانَ شُغلاً، وَإِنْ أَدْبَرَ كَانَ حَسْرَةً.
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الرَّازِيُّ: سَمِعْتُهُ، يَقُوْلُ: تَرْكُ الرِّيَاء للرِّيَاء أَقبحُ مِنَ الرِّيَاء.وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: هوذَا أَنظرُ إِلَى طَرِيْق نَجَاتِي مِثْل مَا أَنظرُ إِلَى الشَّمْس، وَلَيْسَ أَخطو خَطْوَة.
وَكَانَ كَثِيْراً مَا يَتَكَلَّم فِي رُؤْيَة عَيْب الأَفْعَال.
مَاتَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ فِي جُمَادَى الأُوْلَى سَنَة ثَمَانٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ وَثَلاَثِ مائَةٍ.
