Details of أبو مالك الأشعري (hadith transmitter) in 7 biographical dictionaries by the authors Ibn Saʿd , Khalīfa b. al-Khayyāṭ , Ibn Saʿd , and 3 more
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أبو مالك الأشعري
له صحبة. واختلف في اسمه، فقيل: كعب بن عاصم وهو أظهر وقيل: عامر بن الحارث بن هانئ بن كلثوم. وقيل: الحارث بن الحارث، وقيل: عمرو. وقيل: عبيد، وهو وهم. حدث أبو مالك قال: قال رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ في حجة الوداع، في أوسط أيام الأضحى: أليس هذا اليوم حرام؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فإن حرمة ما بينكم إلى يوم القيامة كحرمة هذا اليوم. ثم قال: ألا أنبئكم من المسلم؟ من سلم المسلمون من لسانه ويده، وأنبئكم من المؤمن؟ من أمنه المؤمنون على أنفسهم ودمائهم، وأنبئكم من المهاجر؟ من هجر السيئات، وهي ما حرم الله، المؤمن حرام على المؤمن كحرمة هذا اليوم، لحمه حرام عليه أن يأكله، ويغتابه بالغيب، وعرضه عليه حرام أن يخرقه، ووجهه حرام عليه أن يلطمه، وحرام عليه أن يدفعه دفعة تعنيه. قام ربيعة الجرشي في الناس فقال: يا أيها الناس، إن الله قد أحل كثيراً طيباً، وحرم قليلاً خبيثاً، فما يؤمن أحدكم أن يقع في معصية من معاصي الله، فيمسخه الله قرداً أو خنزيراً. فقال رجل من
ناحية الناس: والله ليكونن ذلك. قال: فتطاولت فإذا هو عبد الرحمن بن غنم الأشعري. فلما فرغ ربيعة قمت إليه، فإذا ربيعة قد بدرني إليه، فأخذ بيده فانتحاه فجلست قريباً منهما، فأخذا ينظران إلي المرة بعد المرة، فعلمت أن مجلسي قد ثقل عليهما، فقمت فأتيت أهلي، فما قرتني نفسي حتى رجعت إلى المسجد، وإني لأتبوأ منه مجلساً أنظر إلى أبوابه كلها، فإذا أنا به، فقمت إليه، فقلت: قد هجرت الرواح؟ قال: أجل، علمت أن المسجد ليس فيه أهله، فأحببت أن أعمره حتى يجيء أهله. فقلت: رحمك الله، يمين حلفت عليها اليوم إذ قال ربيعة: ما يؤمن أحدكم أن يقع في معصية من معاصي الله، فيمسخه الله قرداً أو خنزيراً. فحلف لا يستثني ليكونن ذلك قال حدثني أبو عامر أو أبو مالك، والله يمين أخرى وما كذبني أنه سمع رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقول: ليكونن في أمتي أقوام يستحلون الخز والحرير والخمر والمعازف، ولينزلن أقوام إلى جنب علم يروح عليهم بسارحة لهم فيأتيهم آتٍ لحاجته فيقولون ارجع إلينا غداً، فيبيتهم الله، ويضع العلم عليهم، ويمسخ منهم آخرين قردة وخنازير إلى يوم القيامة. وعن أبي مالك الأشعري، عن رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قال: ليشربن أناس من أمتي الخمر، يسمونها بغير اسمها، وتضرب على رؤوسهم المعازف، ويخسف الله بهم الأرض، ويجعل منهم قردة وخنازير.
حدث هشام بن الغاز، عن أبيه، عن جده قال: قال يوماً لأهل دمشق: يا أهل دمشق، والله ليكونن فيكم الخسف والمسخ والقذف. قالوا: وما يدريك يا ربيعة؟ قال: هذا أبو مالك فسلوه. قال: وكان ينزل عليه فراح به إلى المسجد. فقالوا له: ما يقول ربيعة، فقال: سمعت رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقول: في أمتي الخسف والقذف. قال: قلنا: فيم يا رسول الله؟ قال: باتخاذهم القينات وشربهم الخمور.
وحدث كعب بن عاصم، عن النبي صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قال: ليس من البر الصيام في السفر. وعامر بن الحارث قدم على رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ في السفينة. وعن حبيب بن عبيد أن النبي صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قال: اللهم، صل على عبيد أبي مالك الأشعري، واجعله فوق كثير من الناس. جمع أبو مالك الأشعري قومه فقال: يا معشر الأشعريين، اجتمعوا واجمعوا نساءكم وأبناءكم، أعلمكم صلاة رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ التي صلى بالمدينة بنا. فاجتمعوا وجمعوا نساءهم وأبناءهم، فتوضأ فأراهم كيف يتوضأ، فأخفى الوضوء إلى أماكنه، حتى لما أن فاء الفيء وانكسر الظل قام فأذن وصف الرجال في أدنى الصف، وصف الولدان خلفهم، وصف النساء خلف الولدان، ثم أقام الصلاة فتقدم، ورفع يديه وكبر، فقرأ بفاتحة الكتاب وسورة يسرهما، ثم كبر فركع. فقال: سبحان الله وبحمده ثلاث مرات ثم قال: سمع الله لمن حمده. ثم استوى قائماً، ثم كبر وخر ساجداً، ثم كبر فرفع رأسه، ثم كبر فسجد، ثم كبر فانتهض قائماً، فكان يكبر في أول ركعة ست تكبيرات، وكبر حين قام إلى الركعة الثالثة، فلما قضى صلاته أقدم إلى القوم بوجهه فقال:
احفظوا تكبيري، وتعلموا ركوعي وسجودي، فإنها صلاة رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ التي كان يصلي بنا هذه الساعة من النهار. ثم إن رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لما قضى صلاته، أقبل إلى القوم بوجهه فقال: أيها الناس، اسمعوا واعقلوا واعلموا أن لله عباداً ليسوا بأنبياء ولا شهداء يغبطهم النبيون والشهداء على مجالسهم وقربهم من الله عز وجل فجاء رجل من الأعراب من قاصية الناس فألوى بيده إلى رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فقال: يا رسول الله، ناس من الناس، ليسوا بأنبياء ولا شهداء يغبطهم الأنبياء والشهداء على مجالسهم وقربهم من الله عز وجل؟! انعتهم لنا حلهم لنا شكلهم
فتروح رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بسؤال الأعرابي. فقال رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هم ناس من أفناء الناس، ونوازع القبائل، لم تتصل بينهم أرحام متقاربة، تحابوا في الله وتصافوا، يضع الله لهم يوم القيامة منابر من نور فيجلسهم عليها، فيجعل وجوههم نوراً، وثيابهم نوراً، يفزع الناس يوم القيامة ولا يفزعون، هم أولياء الله، لا خوف عليهم ولا هم يحزنون. قال كعب بن عاصم الأشعري: ابتعت قمحاً أبيض ورسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حي، فأتيت به أهلي، فقالوا: تركت القمح الأسمر الجيد وابتعت هذا؟ والله لقد أنكحني رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إياك وإنك لعيي اللسان، دميم الجسم، ضعيف البطش. فصنعت منه خبزة، فأردت أن أدعو عليها أصحابي الأشعريين، أصحاب الصفة. فقلت: أتجشأ من الشبع وأصحابي جياع؟! فأتت رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تشكو زوجها وقالت: انزعني من حيث وضعتني. وأرسل إليه رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فجمع بينهما، فحدثه حديثها. فقال رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لم تنقمي منه شيئاً غير هذا؟! قالت: لا. قال: فلعلك تريدين أن تخلعي فتكوني كجيفة الحمار، أو تبغين ذا جمة فينانة، على كل جانب من قصته شيطان قاعد؟ ألا ترضين أني أنكحتك رجلاً من نفر ما تطلع الشمس على نفر خير منهم؟ قالت: رضيت. فقامت المرأة حتى قبلت رأس زوجها، فقالت: لا أفارق زوجي أبداً. وعن أبي مالك: أنه قدم هو وأصحابه في سفر، ومعه فرس أبلق، فلما أرسلوا وجدوا إبلاً كثيرة من إبل المشركين فأخذوها، فأمرهم أبو مالك أن ينحروا منها بعيراً فيستعينوا به، ثم مضى على قدميه حتى قدم على النبي صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فأخبره بسفره وأصحابه، والإبل التي أصابوا، ثم رجع إلى أصحابه. فقال الذين عند رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أعطنا يا رسول الله من هذه الإبل. فقال: اذهبوا إلى أبي مالك. فلما أتوه، قسمها أخماساً، خمساً بعث به إلى رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وأخذ ثلث الباقي بعد الخمس، فقسمه بين أصحابه، والثلثين الباقيين بين
المسلمين، فقسم بينهم، فجاءوا إلى رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فقالوا: ما رأينا مثلما صنع أبو مالك بهذا المغنم! فقال رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لو كنت أنا ما صنعت إلا كما صنع. وعن شريح بن عبيد الحضرمي أن أبا مالك الحضرمي لما حضرته الوفاة قال: يا سامع الأشعريين ليبلغ الشاهد منكم الغائب، أني سمعت رسول الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقول: حلوة الدنيا مرة الآخرة، ومرة الدنيا حلوة الآخرة. توفي أبو مالك في زمن عمر بن الخطاب. وطعن معاذ وأبو عبيدة وشرحبيل بن حسنة، وأبو مالك في يوم واحد.
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أبو مالك الأشعري
قال عبد اللَّه: سمعت أبي يقول: أبو مالك الأشعري ما أخلقه اسمه عمرو.
"العلل" رواية عبد اللَّه (5168)
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أَبُو مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ
- أَبُو مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ. أَسْلَمَ وَصَحِبَ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وغزا معه وروى عَنْهُ. قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الأَزْدِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ الأَزْدِيِّ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَرْزَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنَّ رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - عَقَدَ لأَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ عَلَى خَيْلِ الطَّلَبِ وَأَمَرَهُ أن يطلب هوازن حين انهزمت. قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كثير عن زيد عن أبي سلام عن أَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةَ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنَّهُ جَمَعَ أَصْحَابَهُ فَقَالَ: هَلُمَّ أُصَلِّي بِكُمْ صَلاةَ أُمِّ نُسِيٍّ. قَالَ وكان رجلا من الأشعريين. قال: فَدَعَا بِجَفْنَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَغَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ ثَلاثًا تَمَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ ثَلاثًا وَذِرَاعَيْهِ ثَلاثًا وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَأُذُنَيْهِ وَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ. قَالَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ فَقَرَأَ فِيهَا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً.
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- وأبو مالك الأشعري. توفي في خلافة عمر بن الخطاب. الأشعريون : ولد أشعر بن أدد بن زيد بن يشجب بن عريب بن زيد بن كهلان بن سبأ. واسم الأشعر نبت.
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أَبُو مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ
- أَبُو مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ. أَسْلَمَ وَصَحِبَ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وغزا معه وروى عَنْهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الأَزْدِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ الأَزْدِيِّ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَرْزَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ أن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - عَقَدَ لأَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ عَلَى خَيْلِ الطَّلَبِ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَطْلُبَ هَوَازِنَ حَيْثُ انْهَزَمَتْ.
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وأبو مالك الأشعري
- وأبو مالك الأشعري. من ساكني الشام.
