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أَبُو حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيُّ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ حُذَافَةَ بنِ قَيْسِ
ابْنِ عَدِيٍّ، أَبُو حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيُّ.
أَحَدُ السَّابِقِيْنَ، هَاجَرَ إِلَى الحَبَشَةِ، وَنَفَّذَهُ النَّبِيُّ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- رَسُوْلاً إِلَى كِسْرَى.
وَلَهُ رِوَايَةٌ يَسِيْرَةٌ.
خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ مُجَاهِداً، فَأُسِرَ عَلَى قَيْسَارِيَّةَ، وَحَمَلُوْهُ إِلَى طَاغِيَتِهِم، فَرَاوَدَهُ عَنْ دِيْنِهِ، فَلَمْ يُفْتَتَنْ.حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: سُلَيْمَانُ بنُ يَسَارٍ، وَأَبُو وَائِلٍ، وَمَسْعُوْدُ بنُ الحَكَمِ، وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
قَالَ البُخَارِيُّ: حَدِيْثُهُ مَرْسَلٌ.
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ البَرْقِيِّ: الَّذِي حُفِظَ عَنْهُ ثَلاَثَةُ أَحَادِيْثَ لَيْسَتْ بِمُتَّصِلَةٍ.
وَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيْدٍ بنُ يُوْنُسَ، وَابْنُ مَنْدَةَ: شَهِدَ بَدْراً.
يُوْنُسُ: عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ: أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ حُذَافَةَ قَامَ يُصَلِّي، فَجَهَرَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- (يَا ابْنَ حُذَافَةَ! لاَ تُسَمِّعْنِي، وَسَمِّعِ اللهَ ) .
مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَمْرٍو: عَنْ عُمَرَ بنِ الحَكَمِ بنِ ثَوْبَانَ، أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيْدٍ قَالَ:
بَعَثَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- سَرِيَّةً، عَلَيْهِمْ عَلْقَمَةُ بنُ مُجَزِّزٍ، وَأَنَا فِيْهِم.
فَخَرَجْنَا، حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيْقِ اسْتَأْذَنَهُ طَائِفَةٌ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُم، وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ حُذَافَةَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ، وَكَانَتْ فِيْهِ دُعَابَةٌ، فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي الطَّرِيْقِ، فَأَوْقَدَ القَوْمُ نَاراً يَصْطَلُوْنَ بِهَا، وَيَصْنَعُوْنَ عَلَيْهَا صَنِيْعاً لَهُم، إِذْ قَالَ: أَلَيْسَ لِي عَلَيْكُمُ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعَةُ؟
قَالُوا: بَلَى.
قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكُم بِحَقِّي وَطَاعَتِي إِلاَّ تَوَاثَبْتُم فِي هَذِهِ النَّارِ.
فَقَامَ نَاسٌ، فَتَحَجَّزُوا،
حَتَّى إِذَا ظَنَّ أَنَّهُمْ وَاقِعُوْنَ فِيْهَا، قَالَ: أَمْسِكُوا، إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أَضْحَكُ مَعَكُم.فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُوْلِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: (مَنْ أَمَرَكُمْ بِمَعْصَيَةٍ، فَلاَ تُطِيْعُوْهُ ) .
أَخْرَجَهُ: أَبُو يَعْلَى فِي (مُسْنَدِهِ) .
وَرَوَاهُ: ابْنُ المُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بنِ الحَكَمِ، فَأَرْسَلَهُ.
ثَابِتٌ البُنَانِيُّ: عَنْ أَنَسٍ:
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قَالَ: (سَلُوْنِي) .
فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: مَنْ أَبِي يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ؟
قَالَ: (أَبُوْكَ حُذَافَةُ).
عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ الجُمَحِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ العَزِيْزِ القَسْمَلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ضِرَارُ بنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ، قَالَ:وَجَّهَ عُمَرُ جَيْشاً إِلَى الرُّوْمِ، فَأَسَرُوا عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ حُذَافَةَ، فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ إِلَى مَلِكِهِم، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ.
فَقَالَ: هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَنَصَّرَ، وَأُعْطِيَكَ نِصْفَ مُلْكِي؟
قَالَ: لَوْ أَعْطَيْتَنِي جَمِيْعَ مَا تَمْلِكُ، وَجَمِيْعَ مُلْكِ العَرَبِ مَا رَجَعْتُ عَنْ دِيْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ.
قَالَ: إِذاً أَقْتُلُكَ.
قَالَ: أَنْتَ وَذَاكَ.
فَأَمَرَ بِهِ، فَصُلِبَ، وَقَالَ لِلرُّمَاةِ: ارْمُوْهُ قَرِيْباً مِنْ بَدَنِهِ.
وَهُوَ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيَأْبَى، فَأَنْزَلَهُ، وَدَعَا بِقِدْرٍ، فَصَبَّ فِيْهَا مَاءً حَتَّى احْتَرَقَتْ، وَدَعَا بِأَسِيْرَيْنِ مِنَ المُسْلِمِيْنَ، فَأَمَرَ بِأَحَدِهِمَا، فَأُلْقِيَ فِيْهَا، وَهُوَ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ، وَهُوَ يَأْبَى، ثُمَّ بَكَى.
فَقِيْلَ لِلْمَلِكِ: إِنَّهُ بَكَى.
فَظَنَّ أَنَّه قَدْ جَزِعَ، فَقَالَ: رُدُّوْهُ.
مَا أَبْكَاكَ؟
قَالَ: قُلْتُ: هِيَ نَفْسٌ وَاحِدَةٌ تُلْقَى السَّاعَةَ فَتَذْهَبُ، فَكُنْتُ أَشْتَهِي أَنْ يَكُوْنَ بِعَدَدِ شَعْرِي أَنْفُسٌ تُلْقَى فِي النَّارِ فِي اللهِ.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الطَّاغِيَةُ: هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تُقَبِّلَ رَأْسِي، وَأُخَلِّيَ عَنْكَ؟
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ: وَعَنْ جَمِيْعِ الأُسَارَى؟
قَالَ: نَعَمْ.
فَقَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ، وَقَدِمَ بِالأُسَارَى عَلَى عُمَرَ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ خَبَرَهُ.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: حَقٌّ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يُقَبِّلَ رَأْسَ ابْنِ حُذَافَةَ، وَأَنَا أَبْدَأُ.
فَقَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ.
الوَلِيْدُ بنُ مُسْلِمٍ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو، وَمَالِكُ بنُ أَنَسٍ:أَنَّ أَهْلَ قَيْسَارِيَّةَ أَسَرُوا ابْنَ حُذَافَةَ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ مَلِكُهُمْ، فَجُرِّبَ بِأَشْيَاءَ صَبَرَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ جَعَلُوا لَهُ فِي بَيْتٍ مَعَهُ الخَمْرَ وَلَحْمَ الخِنْزِيْرِ ثَلاَثاً لاَ يَأْكُلُ.
فَاطَّلَعُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالُوا لِلْمَلِكِ:
قَدِ انْثَنَى عُنُقُهُ، فَإِنْ أَخْرَجْتَهُ، وَإِلاَّ مَاتَ.
فَأَخْرَجَهُ، وَقَالَ: مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ وَتَشْرَبَ؟
قَالَ: أَمَا إِنَّ الضَّرُوْرَةَ كَانَتْ قَدْ أَحَلَّتْهَا لِي، وَلَكِنْ كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُشْمِتَكَ بِالإِسْلاَمِ.
قَالَ: فَقَبِّلْ رَأْسِي، وَأُخَلِّيَ لَكَ مائَةَ أَسِيْرٍ.
قَالَ: أَمَّا هَذَا فَنَعَمْ.
فَقَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ، فَخَلَّى لَهُ مائَةً، وَخَلَّى سَبِيْلَهُ.
وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ عَائِذٍ قِصَّةَ ابْنِ حُذَافَةَ، فَقَالَ:
حَدَّثَنَا الوَلِيْدُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ: أَنَّ ابْنَ حُذَافَةَ أُسِرَ ... ، فَذَكَرَ القِصَّةَ مُطَوَّلَةً، وَفِيْهَا أَطْلَقَ لَهُ ثَلاَثَ مائَةِ أَسِيْرٍ، وَأَجَازَهُ بِثَلاَثِيْنَ أَلْفِ دِيْنَارٍ، وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَصِيْفَةً، وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَصِيْفاً.
وَلَعَلَّ هَذَا المَلِكَ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ سِرّاً، وَيَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مُبَالَغَتُهُ فِي إِكْرَامِ ابْنِ حُذَافَةَ.
وَكَذَا القَوْلُ فِي هِرَقْلَ إِذْ عَرَضَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ الدُّخُوْلَ فِي الدِّيْنِ، فَلَمَّا خَافَهُمْ قَالَ:
إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أَخْتَبِرُ شِدَّتَكُم فِي دِيْنِكُم.
فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ فِي بَاطِنِهِ هَكَذَا، فَيُرْجَى لَهُ الخَلاَصُ مِنْ خُلُوْدِ النَّارِ؛ إِذْ قَدْ حَصَّلَ فِي بَاطِنِهِ إِيْمَاناً مَا، وَإِنَّمَا يُخَافُ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ قَدْ خَضَعَ لِلإِسْلاَمِ وَلِلرَّسُوْلِ، وَاعْتَقَدَ أَنَّهُمَا حَقٌّ، مَعَ كَوْنِ أَنَّهُ عَلَى دِيْنٍ صَحِيْحٍ، فَتُرَاهُ يُعَظِّمُ لِلدِّيْنَيْنِ، كَمَا قَدْ فَعَلَهُ كَثِيْرٌ مِنَ المُسْلِمَانِيَّةِ الدَّوَاوِيْنِ، فَهَذَا لاَ يَنْفَعُهُ
الإِسْلاَمُ حَتَّى يَتَبَرَّأَ مِنَ الشِّرْكِ.مَاتَ ابْنُ حُذَافَةَ فِي خِلاَفَةِ عُثْمَانَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ -.
