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ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ عَدِيِّ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الجُرْجَانِيُّ
هُوَ: الإِمَامُ، الحَافِظُ، النَّاقِدُ، الجَوَّالُ، أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ عَدِيِّ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ مُبَاركِ بنِ القَطَّانِ الجُرْجَانِيُّ، صَاحبُ كِتَابِ (الكَاملِ) فِي الجرحِ وَالتَّعديلِ، وَهُوَ خَمْسَةُ أَسفَارٍ كبارٍ.
مَوْلِدُهُ فِي سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَسَبْعِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ، وَأَوَّلُ سمَاعِهِ كَانَ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعِيْنَ، وَارتحَالُهُ فِي سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَتِسْعِيْنَ.
فسَمِعَ: بُهْلُولَ بنَ إِسْحَاقَ التَّنُوْخِيَّ، وَمُحَمَّدَ بنَ عُثْمَانَ بنِ أَبِي سُوَيْدٍ، وَمُحَمَّدَ بنَ يَحْيَى المَرْوَزِيَّ، وَأَنَسَ بنَ السَّلْمِ، وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بنَ القَاسِمِ بنِ الرَّوَّاسَ الدَّمَشْقِيَّينِ، وَأَبا خلِيفةَ الجُمَحِيَّ، وَأَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ النَّسَائِيَّ، وَعِمْرَانَ بنَ مُوْسَى بنِ مجَاشعٍ، وَالحَسَنَ بنَ مُحَمَّدٍ المَدِيْنِيَّ، وَالحَسَنَ بنَ الفَرَجِ الغَزِّيَّ صَاحبَي يَحْيَى بنِ بُكَيْرٍ، وَجَعْفَرَ بنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الفِرْيَابِيَّ، وَأَبا يَعْلَى المَوْصِلِيَّ، وَالحَسَنَ بنَ سُفْيَانَ النَّسَوِيَّ، وَعبدَانَ الأَهْوَازِيَّ، وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ بنَ خُزَيْمَةَ، وَالبَغَوِيَّ، وَأَبَا عَرُوْبَةَ، وَخلقاً كَثِيْراً فِي الحَرَمَيْنِ، وَمِصْرَ، وَالشَّامِ، وَالعِرَاقِ، وَخُرَاسَانَ، وَالجِبَالِ، وَطَالَ عُمُرُهُ وَعلاَ إِسنَادُهُ.
وَجرَّحَ وَعدَّلَ وَصحَّحَ وَعلَّلَ، وَتقدَّمَ فِي هَذِهِ الصِّنَاعَةِ عَلَى لحنٍ فِيْهِ، يظْهَرُ فِي تَأَلِيفِهِ.
حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: شَيْخُهُ أَبُو العَبَّاسِ بنُ عُقْدَةَ، وَأَبُو سَعْدٍ المَالِيْنِيُّ،
وَالحَسَنُ بنُ رَامِينَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَبْدكَوَيْه، وَحَمْزَةُ بنُ يُوْسُفَ السَّهْمِيُّ، وَأَبُو الحُسَيْنِ أَحْمَدُ بنُ العَالِي، وَآخَرُوْنَ.قَالَ الحَافِظُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: كَانَ ثِقَةً عَلَى لحنٍ فِيْهِ.
وَقَالَ حَمْزَةُ بنُ يُوْسُفَ :سَأَلتُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيَّ أَنْ يصَنِّفَ كِتَاباً فِي الضُّعَفَاءِ، فَقَالَ: أَليَسَ عِنْدَكَ كِتَابُ ابْنِ عَدِيٍّ؟
قُلْتُ: بَلَى.
قَالَ: فِيْهِ كفَايَةٌ، لاَ يُزَادُ عَلَيْهِ.
بلَغَنِي أَنَّ ابنَ عَدِيٍّ صَنَّفَ كِتَاباً سَمَّاهُ (الانتصَارَ) عَلَى أَبْوَابِ (المخْتَصَرِ) للمُزنِيِّ.
قَالَ حَمْزَةُ السَّهْمِيُّ: كَانَ ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ حَافِظاً مُتْقِناً، لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِهِ أَحدٌ مثلُهُ، تَفَرَّدَ برِوَايَةِ أَحَادِيثٍ وَهَبَ مِنْهَا لاَبنَيْهِ عَدِيٍّ وَأَبِي زُرْعَةَ فَتَفرَّدَا بِهَا عَنْهُ.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى الخَليلِيُّ: كَانَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عديمَ النَّظِيْرِ حِفْظاً وَجَلاَلَةً، سَأَلتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الحَافِظَ، فَقَالَ: زِرُّ قَمِيْصِ ابْنِ عَدِيٍّ أَحفظُ مِنْ عَبْدِ البَاقِي بنِ قَانِعٍ.
قَالَ الخليلِيُّ: وَسَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بنَ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ الحَافِظَ يَقُوْلُ: لَمْ أَرَ أَحداً مِثْلَ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ بنِ عَدِيٍّ فَكَيْفَ فوقَهُ فِي الحِفْظِ؟! وَكَانَ أَحْمَدُ هَذَا لَقِيَ الطَّبَرَانِيَّ وَأَبا أَحْمَدَ الحَاكِمَ، وَقَالَ لِي: كَانَ حِفْظُ هَؤُلاَءِ تكلُّفاً، وَحِفْظُ ابْنِ عَدِيٍّ طبعاً.
زَادَ (مُعْجَمُهُ) عَلَى أَلفِ شَيْخٍ.
وَقَالَ أَبُو الوَلِيْدِ البَاجِيُّ: ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ حَافظٌ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.
قُلْتُ: يذكُرُ فِي (الكَاملِ) كُلَّ مَنْ تُكُلِّمَ فِيْهِ بِأَدنَى شَيْءٍ لَو كَانَ مِنْ رِجَالِ (الصَّحِيْحَيْنِ) ، وَلَكِنَّهُ يَنْتصرُ لَهُ إِذَا أَمكنَ، وَيَروِي فِي التَّرْجَمَةِ حَدِيْثاً
أَوِ أَحَادِيثَ مِمَّا اسْتُنْكِرَ لِلرَّجُلِ.وَهُوَ مُنْصِفٌ فِي الرِّجَالِ بِحَسبِ اجتهَادِهِ.
قَالَ حَمْزَةُ السَّهْمِيُّ: مَاتَ فِي جُمَادَى الآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَسِتِّيْنَ وَثَلاَثِ مائَةٍ.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ الحُسَيْنِ القُرَشِيُّ بِمِصْرَ، وَيَحْيَى بنُ أَحْمَدَ الجُذَامِيُّ بِالثَّغْرِ، قَالاَ:
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عمَادٍ، أَخْبَرْنَا ابْنُ رفَاعَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الحَسَنِ الخلَعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ المَالِيْنِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ عَدِيٍّ الحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنَا الحَسَنُ بنُ الفَرَجِ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ: أَنَّ رَجُلاً لاَعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَانْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا، فَفَرَّقَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَيْنَهُمَا، وَأَلْحَقَ الوَلَدَ بِالمَرْأَةِ.
