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ابْنُ سُكَيْنَةَ عَبْدُ الوَهَّابِ بنُ عَلِيِّ بنِ عَلِيٍّ البَغْدَادِيُّ
الشَّيْخُ، الإِمَامُ، العَالِمُ، الفَقِيْهُ، المُحَدِّثُ، الثِّقَةُ، المُعَمَّرُ، القُدْوَةُ الكَبِيْرُ، شَيْخُ الإِسْلاَمِ، مَفْخَرُ العِرَاقِ، ضِيَاءُ الدِّيْنِ، أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ الوَهَّابِ ابْن الشَّيْخِ الأَمِيْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُوْرٍ عَلِيِّ بنِ عَلِيِّ بنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ابْنِ سُكَيْنَةَ البَغْدَادِيُّ، الصُّوْفِيُّ، الشَّافِعِيُّ.
وَسُكَيْنَةُ: هِيَ وَالِدَةُ أَبِيْهِ.
مَوْلِدُهُ فِي: شَعْبَان، سَنَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسِ مائَةٍ.
وَسَمِعَ الكَثِيْرَ مِنْ: أَبِيْهِ- فَرَوَى عَنْهُ (الجَعْدِيَّاتِ) - وَهِبَةِ اللهِ بنِ الحُصَيْنِ -يَرْوِي عَنْهُ (الغَيْلاَنِيَّاتِ) - وَأَبِي غَالِبٍ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ الحَسَنِ المَاوَرْدِيِّ، وَزَاهِرٍ الشَّحَّامِيِّ، وَقَاضِي المَارستَانِ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بنِ حَمُّوَيْه الجُوَيْنِيِّ الزَّاهِدِ، وَعِدَّةٍ، بإِفَادَةِ ابْنِ نَاصِرٍ.
ثُمَّ لاَزمَ أَبَا سَعْدٍ البَغْدَادِيَّ المُحَدِّثَ، وَأَكْثَرَ عَنْهُ، وَسَمِعَ مَعَهُ مِنْ: أَبِي مَنْصُوْرٍ القَزَّازِ، وَإِسْمَاعِيْلَ ابْنِ
السَّمَرْقَنْدِيِّ، وَأَبِي الحَسَنِ بنِ تَوْبَةَ، وَشَيْخِ الشُّيُوْخِ أَبِي البَرَكَاتِ إِسْمَاعِيْلَ بنِ أَحْمَدَ -وَهُوَ جدُّهُ لأُمِّهِ- وَعِدَّةٍ.وَعُنِيَ بِالحَدِيْثِ عنَايَةً قويَّةً، وَبِالقِرَاءاتِ، فَبَرَعَ فِيْهَا، وَتَلاَ بِهَا عَلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ سِبْطِ الخَيَّاطِ، وَأَبِي الحَسَنِ بنِ مَحْمُوَيْه، وَأَبِي العَلاَءِ الهَمَذَانِيِّ.
وَأَخَذَ الْمَذْهَب وَالخلاَفَ عَنْ: أَبِي مَنْصُوْرٍ ابْن الرَّزَّاز، وَالعَرَبِيَّة عَنْ: أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ابْنِ الخَشَّابِ.
وَصَحِبَ جدَّهُ أَبَا البَرَكَاتِ، وَلَبِسَ مِنْهُ، وَلاَزَمَ ابْنَ نَاصِرٍ، وَأَخَذَ عَنْهُ عِلْمَ الأَثرِ، وَحفظَ عَنْهُ فَوَائِدَ غزِيْرَةً.
قَالَ ابْنُ النَّجَّارِ : شَيْخُنَا ابْنُ سُكَيْنَةَ شَيْخُ العِرَاقِ فِي الحَدِيْثِ، وَالزُّهْدِ، وَحُسْنِ السَّمْتِ، وَمُوَافِقَةِ السُّنَّةِ وَالسَّلَفِ، عُمِّرَ حَتَّى حَدَّثَ بِجَمِيْعِ مَرْوِيَّاتِهِ، وَقصدَهُ الطُّلاَّبُ مِنَ البِلاَدِ، وَكَانَتْ أَوقَاتُهُ مَحْفُوْظَةٌ، لاَ تَمضِي لَهُ سَاعَةٌ إِلاَّ فِي تِلاَوَةٍ، أَوْ ذِكْرٍ، أَوْ تَهجُّدٍ، أَوْ تَسْمِيْعٍ، وَكَانَ إِذَا قُرِئَ عَلَيْهِ مَنَعَ مِنَ القِيَامِ لَهُ أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِ، وَكَانَ كَثِيْرَ الحَجِّ وَالمُجَاوِرَةِ وَالطَّهَارَةِ، لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ إِلاَّ لِحُضُوْرِ جُمُعَةٍ أَوْ عيدٍ أَوْ جَنَازَةٍ، وَلاَ يَحضُرُ دورَ أَبْنَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فِي هَنَاءٍ، وَلاَ عَزَاءٍ، يُدِيمُ الصَّوْمَ غَالِباً، وَيستعملُ السُّنَّةَ فِي أَمورِهِ، وَيُحِبُّ الصَّالِحِيْنَ، وَيُعَظِّمُ العُلَمَاءَ، وَيَتوَاضَعُ لِلنَّاسِ، وَكَانَ يُكْثِرُ أَنْ يَقُوْلُ: أَسْأَلُ اللهَ أَنْ يُمِيتَنَا مُسْلِمِيْنَ، وَكَانَ ظَاهِرَ الخشوعِ، غزِيْرَ الدَّمعَةِ، وَيَعتذرُ مِنَ البُكَاءِ وَيَقُوْلُ: قَدْ كَبِرْتُ وَلاَ أَملِكُهُ، وَكَانَ اللهُ قَدْ أَلْبَسَهُ رِدَاءً جَمِيْلاً مِنَ البَهَاءِ، وَحُسْنِ الخِلْقَةِ، وَقَبُولِ الصُّوْرَةِ، وَنورِ الطَّاعَةِ، وَجَلاَلَةِ العِبَادَةِ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ فِي القُلُوْبِ
مَنْزِلَةٌ عَظِيْمَةٌ، وَمَنْ رَآهُ انتفَعَ برُؤْيتِهِ، فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ البَهَاء وَالنُّوْر، لاَ يُشْبَعُ مِنْ مُجَالَسَتِهِ، لَقَدْ طُفْتُ شرقاً وَغرباً، وَرَأَيْتُ الأَئِمَّةَ وَالزُّهَّادَ فَمَا رَأَيْتُ أَكملَ مِنْهُ، وَلاَ أَكْثَرَ عبَادَةً، وَلاَ أَحْسَنَ سَمْتاً، صَحِبتُهُ قَرِيْباً مِنْ عِشْرِيْنَ سَنَةً، ليلاً وَنَهَاراً، وَتَأَدَّبْتُ بِهِ، وَخَدَمْتُهُ، وَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِجَمِيْعِ رِوَايَاتِهِ، وَسَمِعْتُمِنْهُ أَكْثَرَ مَرْوِيَّاتِهِ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، حُجَّةً، نبيلاً، عَلَماً مِنْ أَعْلاَمِ الدِّينِ! سَمِعَ مِنْهُ الحُفَّاظُ: عَلِيُّ بنُ أَحْمَدَ الزَّيْدِيُّ، وَالقَاضِي عُمَرُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ القُرَشِيُّ، وَالحَازِمِيُّ، وَطَائِفَةٌ مَاتُوا قَبْلَهُ.
وَسَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الأَخْضَرِ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ يَقُوْلُ: لَمْ يَبْقَ مِمَّنْ طَلَبَ الحَدِيْثَ وَعُنِيَ بِهِ غَيْرُ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ ابْن سُكَيْنَة.
وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُوْلُ: كَانَ شَيْخُنَا ابْنُ نَاصِرٍ يَجْلِسُ فِي دَارِهِ عَلَى سرِيرٍ لطيفٍ، فُكُلُّ مَنْ حضَرَ عِنْدَهُ يَجْلِسُ تَحْت، إِلاَّ ابْن سُكَيْنَةَ.
قَالَ ابْنُ النَّجَّارِ: وَأَنْبَأَنَا يَحْيَى بنُ القَاسِمِ مُدَرِّسُ النِّظَامِيَّةِ فِي ذِكْرِ مَشَايِخِهِ: ابْنُ سُكَيْنَةَ كَانَ عَالِماً عَامِلاً، دَائِمَ التَّكرَارِ لِكِتَابِ (التَّنْبِيْهِ ) فِي الفِقْهِ، كَثِيْرَ الاشتغَالِ بـ (المُهَذَّب) ، وَ (الوسيطِ) ، لاَ يُضيِّعُ شَيْئاً مِنْ وَقتِهِ، وَكُنَّا إِذَا دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ يَقُوْلُ: لاَ تَزِيدُوا عَلَى (سَلام عَلَيْكم) مَسْأَلَةً؛ لَكَثْرَةِ حِرْصِهِ عَلَى المُبَاحثَةِ، وَتَقرِيرِ الأَحكَامِ.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ الدُّبَيْثِيِّ : سَمِعَ بِنَفْسِهِ، وَحصَّلَ المَسْمُوْعَاتِ، ثُمَّ سَمَّى فِي شُيُوْخِهِ: أَبَا البَرَكَاتِ عُمَرَ بنَ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ الزَّيْدِيَّ، وَأَبَا شُجَاعٍ البِسْطَامِيَّ.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَ بِمِصْرَ، وَالشَّام، وَالحِجَاز، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، فَهْماً، صَحِيْحَ الأُصُوْلِ، ذَا سَكِيْنَةٍ وَوقَارٍ.قُلْتُ: حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: الشَّيْخُ مُوَفَّقُ الدِّيْنِ، وَابْنُ الصَّلاَحِ، وَأَبُو مُوْسَى ابْنُ الحَافِظِ، وَابْنُ خَلِيْلٍ، وَالضِّيَاءُ، وَابْنُ النَّجَّارِ، وَابْنُ الدُّبَيْثِيِّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ غَنِيْمَةَ الإِسكَافُ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَسْكَرٍ الطَّيِّبُ، وَالعِمَادُ مُحَمَّدُ ابْنُ السُّهْرَوَرْدِيِّ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ هِبَةِ اللهِ السَّاوجِيُّ، وَبَكْرُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ القَزْوِيْنِيُّ، وَعَامِرُ بنُ مَكِّيٍّ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَانِ؛ ابْنَا عَلِيِّ بنِ أَبِي الدَّينَةِ، وَالمُوَفَّقُ عَبْدُ الغَافِر بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ القَاشَانِيُّ، وَعَبْدُ الغَنِيِّ بنُ مَكِّيٍّ، وَمَكِّيُّ بنُ عُثْمَانَ بنِ الهُبْرِيِّ، وَيُوْنُسُ بنُ جَعْفَرٍ الأَزَجِيُّ، وَالنَّجِيْبُ عَبْدُ اللَّطِيْفِ، وَابْنُ عَبْدِ الدَّائِمِ، وَعَدَدٌ كَثِيْرٌ.
وَبِالإِجَازَةِ: ابْنُ شَيْبَانَ، وَالفَخْرُ عَلِيٌّ، وَالكَمَالُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَانِ بنُ عَبْدِ اللَّطِيْفِ ابْنِ المُكَبِّرِ.
وَقَدْ قَدِمَ ابْنُ سُكَيْنَةَ دِمَشْقَ رَسُوْلاً فِي سَنَةِ خَمْسٍ وَثَمَانِيْنَ، وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ: التَّاجُ ابْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، وَجَمَاعَةٌ.
قَالَ الإِمَامُ أَبُو شَامَةَ : وَفِي سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَسِتِّ مائَةٍ تُوُفِّيَ ابْنُ سُكَيْنَةَ، وَحضرَهُ أَربَابُ الدَّوْلَةِ، وَكَانَ يَوْماً مَشْهُوْداً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَكَانَ مِنَ الأَبْدَالِ.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ النَّجَّارِ: مَاتَ فِي تَاسِعَ عَشَرَ رَبِيْعٍ الآخَرِ -رَحِمَهُ الله-.
