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أَبُو نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارُ عَبْدُ المَلِكِ بنُ عَبْدِ العَزِيْزِ
ابْنِ عَبْدِ المَلِكِ بنِ ذَكْوَانَ بنِ يَزِيْدَ.
وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ جَدَّهُ هُوَ الحَارِثُ؛ وَالِدُ بِشْرِ بنِ الحَارِثِ الحَافِي، الإِمَامُ، الثِّقَةُ، الزَّاهِدُ، القُدْوَةُ، القُشَيْرِيُّ مَوْلاَهُمُ، النَّسَوِيُّ، الدَّقِيْقِيُّ، التَّمَّارُ، نَزِيْلُ بَغْدَادَ.
مَولِدُهُ: عَامَ مَقْتَلِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ الخُرَاسَانِيِّ.
وَارْتَحَلَ فِي طَلَبِ العِلْمِ بَعْدَ السِّتِّيْنَ وَمائَةٍ.
فَأَخَذَ عَنْ: جَرِيْرِ بنِ حَازِمٍ، وَسَعِيْدِ بنِ عَبْدِ العَزِيْزِ التَّنُوْخِيِّ، وَحَمَّادِ
بنِ سَلَمَةَ، وَأَبِي الأَشْهَبِ العُطَارِدِيِّ، وَأَبَانِ بنِ يَزِيْدَ، وَعُقْبَةَ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الرِّفَاعِيِّ، وَالقَاسِمِ بنِ الفَضْلِ الحُدَّانِيِّ، وَمَالِكِ بنِ أَنَسٍ، وَسَلاَّمِ بنِ مِسْكِيْنٍ، وَعَامِرِ بنِ يِسَافٍ، وَعَبْدِ العَزِيْزِ بنِ مُسْلِمٍ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بنِ طَلْحَةَ بنِ مُصَرِّفٍ، وَأَبِي جَزْءٍ نَصْرِ بنِ طَرِيْفٍ، وَأَبِي هِلاَلٍ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ سُلَيْمٍ، وَشَرِيْكٍ، وَزُهَيْرِ بنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَمِسْكِيْنٍ أَبِي فَاطِمَةَ، وَحَمَّادِ بنِ زَيْدٍ، وَبَقِيَّةَ بنِ الوَلِيْدِ، وَعُبَيْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَمْرٍو، وَعِدَّةٍ.وَعَنْهُ: مُسْلِمٌ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ مَنِيْعٍ، وَأَبُو زُرْعَةَ، وَأَبُو حَاتِمٍ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ الصَّغَانِيُّ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ زُهَيْرٍ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ المَرْوَزِيُّ، وَأَبُو يَعْلَى المَوْصِلِيُّ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ القَاضِي - وَهُوَ المَرْوَزِيُّ - وَإِسْمَاعِيْلُ سَمُّوْيَه، وَعُثْمَانُ بنُ خُرَّزَاذَ، وَأَبُو القَاسِمِ البَغَوِيُّ، وَابْنُ شَبِيْبٍ المَعْمَرِيُّ، وَخَلْقٌ سِوَاهُم.
وَثَّقَهُ: أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
وَقَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ: ثِقَةٌ، يُعَدُّ مِنَ الأَبْدَالِ.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ سَعْدٍ: أَبُو نَصْرٍ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ خُرَاسَانَ، مِنْ أَهْلِ نَسَا، ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ الدَّاعِيَةِ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ.
قُلْتُ: قُتِلَ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَةٍ.
قَالَ: وَنَزَلَ بَغْدَادَ فِي رَبَضِ أَبِي العَبَّاسِ الطُّوْسِيِّ، فِي دَرْبِ النَّسَائِيَّةِ، وَتَجِرَ بِهَا فِي التَّمْرِ وَغَيْرِهِ.
وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، فَاضِلاً، خَيِّراً، وَرِعاً.
تُوُفِّيَ: بِبَغْدَادَ، فِي أَوِّلِ المُحَرَّمِ، سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ، وَدُفِنَ بِبَابِ حَرْبٍ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ إِحْدَى وَتِسْعِيْنَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ بَصَرُهُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ.
وَكَذَلِكَ أَرَّخَهُ: البَغَوِيُّ، وَغَيْرُهُ.
قَالَ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ الرَّازِيُّ: كَانَ أَحْمَدُ بنُ حَنْبَلٍ لاَ يَرَى الكِتَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي نَصْرٍ
التَّمَّارِ، وَلاَ ابْنِ مَعِيْنٍ، وَلاَ مِمَّنِ امتُحِنَ فَأَجَابَ.وَقَالَ أَبُو الحَسَنِ المَيْمُوْنِيُّ: صَحَّ عِنْدِي أَنَّهُ -يَعْنِي: أَحْمَدَ- لَمْ يَحْضُرْ أَبَا نَصْرٍ التمَّارَ حِيْنَ مَاتَ، فَحَسِبْتُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِمَا كَانَ أَجَابَ فِي المِحْنَةِ.
قُلْتُ: أَجَابَ تَقِيَّةً وَخَوْفاً مِنَ النَّكَالِ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ بِحَالِهِ - وَللهِ الحَمْدُ -.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ أَبِي الوَرْدِ: قَالَ لِي مُؤَذِّنُ بِشْرِ بنِ الحَارِثِ:
رَأَيْتُ بِشْراً -رَحِمَهُ اللهُ- فِي المَنَامِ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا فَعَلَ اللهُ بِكَ؟
قَالَ: غَفَرَ لِي.
قُلْتُ: فَمَا فُعِلَ بِأَحْمَدَ بنِ حَنْبَلٍ؟
قَالَ: غُفِرَ لَهُ.
فَقُلْتُ: مَا فُعِلَ بِأَبِي نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارِ؟
قَالَ: هَيْهَاتَ، ذَاكَ فِي عِلِّيِّيْنَ.
فَقُلْتُ: بِمَاذَا نَالَ مَا لَمْ تَنَالاَهُ؟
فَقَالَ: بِفَقْرِهِ وَصَبْرِهِ عَلَى بُنَيَّاتِهِ.
وَلَمْ يَرْوِ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي نَصْرٍ سِوَى حَدِيْثٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَقَعَ لَنَا مُوَافَقَةً، أَخْبَرَنَاهُ العِمَادُ بنُ بَدْرَانَ، وَيُوْسُفُ بنُ غَالِيَةَ، قَالاَ:
أَخْبَرَنَا مُوْسَى بنُ عَبْدِ القَادِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيْدُ بنُ البَنَّاءِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو القَاسِمِ بنُ البُسْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو القَاسِمِ البَغَوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوْبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ:
أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ: {يَوْمَ يَقُوْمُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ العَالَمِيْنَ} [المُطَفِّفِيْنَ: 6] ، قَالَ: (يَقُوْمُوْنَ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الرَّشْحُ أَطْرَافَ آذَانِهِم).
وَبِهِ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ العَزِيْزِ بنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ سَعِيْدِ بنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: (اسْتَغْنُوا عَنِ النَّاسِ، وَلَوْ بِشَوْصِ السِّواكِ ) .
وَقَدْ أَلَّفَ البَغَوِيُّ جُزْأَينِ مِمَّا عِنْدَهُ عَنْ أَبِي نَصْرٍ التَّمَّارِ.
